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KOGA Medical Journal

Clinical Insights & Surgical Philosophy

Official medical publications, surgical case analyses, and pre/post-operative patient care guides curated by Dr. Dong-Hoon Ko, M.D.

Pain After a Facelift: What Does Normal Recovery Feel Like?

Most facelift patients describe discomfort as tightness and pressure rather than sharp pain. Understanding the typical sensations, ear numbness, and pain management strategies helps you approach recovery with confidence...

Dr. Dong-Hoon Ko, M.D.
Dr. Dong-Hoon Ko, M.D.
Chief Plastic Surgeon & Founder
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Smoking and Nicotine Before a Facelift: Why They Affect Healing

Nicotine causes vasoconstriction, narrowing small blood vessels and reducing oxygen delivery to surgically elevated skin flaps. Exploring the cellular mechanisms behind wound healing and why mandatory pre-op cessation is strictly enforced...

Dr. Dong-Hoon Ko, M.D.
Dr. Dong-Hoon Ko, M.D.
Chief Plastic Surgeon & Founder
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How to Choose a Facelift Surgeon and Clinic Safely

Choosing a facelift surgeon is arguably a more important decision than choosing the procedure itself. Two surgeons can produce completely different results depending on individual judgment...

Dr. Dong-Hoon Ko, M.D.
Dr. Dong-Hoon Ko, M.D.
Chief Plastic Surgeon & Founder
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